How Do You Winterize a Vacation Home Against Water Damage?
Last updated October 31, 2026
The short answer
Shut off the Main Water Valve
The first step is to shut off the main water valve inside the house. This stops any new water from entering the pipes, which is the single most important move to prevent a burst pipe. Find the valve now, while the home is still warm, and make sure it turns easily.
If the valve is stiff or leaks when you turn it, have a plumber fix it before you leave. Once the valve is closed, open every faucet, both hot and cold, to relieve pressure and let the lines drain. Also flush the toilets to empty the tanks and bowls.
Drain the Plumbing System
After shutting off the main valve, open all drain valves and faucets to let water flow out completely. Start with the highest faucet in the house and work down to the lowest, which helps gravity pull the water out. Do not forget outdoor spigots, showerheads, and the washing machine hookups.
In a vacation home, you might also have a water heater, a well pump, or a sprinkler system. Each of these has its own drain procedure. Check the manufacturer instructions or ask a plumber to show you once, so you can do it correctly every winter.
- Open all faucets after closing the main valve
- Flush toilets and sponge out remaining water
- Drain the water heater and turn it off
- Disconnect and drain outdoor hoses
- Pour antifreeze into toilet bowls and traps
- Leave cabinet doors open to let warm air reach pipes
Add Antifreeze to Traps and Toilets
Even after draining, a little water stays in the P-traps under sinks and in the toilet bowls. That water can freeze and crack the trap or the toilet. Pour a cup of plumbing antifreeze, not car antifreeze, into each sink, tub, and shower drain, and into the toilet bowls.
The antifreeze is nontoxic and safe for the plumbing. It stays liquid in very cold temperatures and prevents the traps from freezing. Be sure to buy the type made for recreational vehicles or marine use, and follow the label directions for how much to use.
Protect Pipes in Cold Spots
Pipes that run through unheated spaces, like the attic, crawlspace, garage, or exterior walls, are the most at risk. Wrap them with foam pipe insulation or heat tape. If the home has a crawlspace, close all vents and insulate the floor above it.
Also, turn off the water to outdoor faucets and drain the line from the inside valve. A hard freeze is rare in this area, but it can happen, so a little extra protection goes a long way. Keep the thermostat set to at least 55 degrees, even if the home is empty.
Do a Final Walkthrough
Before you lock the door, walk through every room and check for small leaks or drips. Look under sinks, behind the toilet, and around the water heater. A tiny drip can turn into a big problem if the home is empty for weeks.
Document your home's condition with photos in case you ever need to file a claim. Keep the main shutoff valve location written down and visible for anyone who checks on the home. Policies vary, and your insurer decides what is covered, so check your policy before you leave.
- Check all visible pipes for dampness
- Photograph the plumbing and shutoff valve
- Leave the heat at 55 degrees or higher
- Ask a neighbor to check the home weekly
- Know where the main shutoff is for emergencies
Talk to someone now
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Call Now (281) 717-6340Frequently asked questions
What temperature should I keep my vacation home in winter?
Set the thermostat to at least 55 degrees Fahrenheit. That is warm enough to keep interior pipes from freezing in most climates. If the home is in a very cold area, you might need a higher setting. Always check the forecast before you leave.
Can I use regular antifreeze in the plumbing?
No, use only plumbing or RV antifreeze that is labeled as safe for potable water systems. Automotive antifreeze is toxic and can damage the pipes. Pour it into drains and toilets as directed, and never leave it where children or pets could reach it.
What if I cannot drain the water heater myself?
Draining a water heater is a simple job, but if you are unsure, hire a plumber to show you the first time. You can also ask a local water damage pro to include it in a winterization inspection. The key is to do it before the cold hits.
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